Thursday, May 30, 2013

My plants were rotten with bad smell on arrival : the bag was over watered when you packed, they rotted.

    No : because we don't water the plants before packing, we let them evaporate instead, and no because rotting, dissolving as does a dry and clean cucumber inside a clean plastic bag doesn't mean the cucumber was ... "overwatered." The roots of the plants in the plastic bag rotted without the help of an excessive amount of water. ( the plastic bag was there mainly to avoid dehydration : uprooted plants use energy from the leaves and release water and heat to carry out a survival program that includes saving their roots ).
 
 Plant decay is characterized by decomposition and putrefaction ( bad smell ) caused by any of hundreds of species of bacteria and fungi.  The decay may be hard, dry, spongy, watery, mushy, or slimy and may affect any plant part.
 
The excessive moisture of a plant in watery decay does not indicate that its rootball was over watered when it was packed : a decomposed plant will have released its water content, which is a lot of water, in general 95% of a plant is water. So this water from the plant itself plus water evaporated from around the rootball ( coconut or sphagnum moss ) , mixed and they give now you the impression that packing was over watered, faulty. 
Cells have a membrane, and in the case of plants also a cell wall, which hold back the water and the other contents of the cell, such as salts, proteins, metabolites/sugar, and nucleic acids. When individual cells die, they dissolve ( biologists say the "lyze" or "undergo lysis") and their content are no longer held back, but begin to freely float between the surrounding cells. The more cells die, the more cell contents will be set free. This "water" is rich in nutrients, and bacteria/fungi just love it and will thrive in it. This causes the bad smell.
If you want to reproduce it, take a cucumber, wrap it in a tight plastic bag, and let nature go its way. After a week or two, the cucumber will be almost dissolved, setting free all of its water, and will rot and stink. That's what happens to all plant material when it dies in a humid environment (such as a plastic bag). The roots did just that. The tissue started to die, and it reached you before it completely dissolved into a blackish stinky mush.

 Nevertheless, when you squeeze it, lot of cell water will already come out of the root ball - and it will have a bad smell because of the bacteria. The root tissue also will start to have a different texture - from being crisp and elastic it will turn to sponge-like, soft and compressible. If this happens, the plant will no longer be able to survive with these roots. Parts of the stem and the leaves might still be ok (especially if only the root balls had been in a plastic bag, but the leaves exposed outside) and come back after re-rooting.

The good thing is that healthy plant parts are quite tough against the bacteria in the rotten parts (these bacteria are part of the normal environment of the plant anyway), meaning the rot usually is not contagious. So, cutting the dead parts away in a generous way (cutting well into the healthy part, that is) will "rescue" the healthy part. Whether it can root again, however, depends a lot on the species.

Some plants (mint, for example, or willow) regrow roots within a week, others will just never do it and die. Fortunately for us, Hoyas are plants that are more on the "mint" side, and most Hoya species re-root quite easily.

Hoya and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

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Monday, May 6, 2013

Ultra fast delivery in Switzerland

.... it`s amazing!!! this morning, around 09:00 o`clock, arrives my hoyapost!!!
all in best condition and soooo big!!! now i forget all all-around me and i getting to pot in the plant! and find places...if is possible...hahaha!! again very very 1000s of thank you very much!! ....

A very nice message that everyone here at aleyagarden appreciates ( like all messages received so far by the way ...)

Comment by aleyagarden : this quick parcel ( EMS ) to a city in Switzerland was posted on Tuesday 10 May at 16 : 26 Swiss time and was delivered on Thursday 12 May at around 9 : 00.

So it clearly took less than 24 hours for the parcel to arrive at the post office and be ready for the morning delivery ! Postal parcel travel on the next passenger flight, whatever the day of the week, they don't wait for the departure of non daily cargo planes and may be delivered surprisingly fast sometimes !


Hoya and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

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Tuesday, April 23, 2013

Hoya lacunosa seedlings that look different

Left : Hoya lacunosa grown from cut, right : a seedling of the species.

The upper picture shows two plants of the same species of Hoya : the lacunosa. They are the same in theory but they really look different : the one with the small leaves has grown from a cut while the one on the right is from a seed.

If we had not know the seed was from a lacunosa possibly we might not have identified it as a lacunosa ! Indeed two Hoya lacunosa grown from cuts taken on the parent of the left one would never show such surprising differences. Growing Hoya from seeds is a good way to increase biodiversity !

 Hoya seedlings bring so many unexpected results ! in this picture on the left we got two Hoya lacunosa seedlings : none of the two has the small sized leaves of the lacunosa grown from cut above, and the seedling on the left has distinctly rounder and larger leaves. They are approximately the same age.


Hoya, Hoya seeds, Orchid seeds, Ferns, Fern spores and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com
Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

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Saturday, April 20, 2013

Glycerin and water added to artisan soap make bubbles

The secret of making bubble baths lies in a simple process : take about 120 gr of a soap that has retained its glycerin content ( such as a homemade soap or a quality soap ), and mix it with about 950 gr of water and 85 gr of glycerin. Glycerin is available in bottles, shops selling ingredients for cosmetics and craft stores will carry it.
 
Hoya, Hoya seeds, Orchid seeds, Ferns, Fern spores and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com
Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

Find all Aleyagarden posts on http://aleyagarden-blog.blogspot.com
 

Wednesday, April 17, 2013

Calculate ingredients in soap : the saponification charts

back to Hoya flowers for homemade soap

In soap making, an acid ( oils ) is saponified in water by a base ( pellets of sodium or potassium hydroxide ) according to saponification values :
1) weight of oil  × saponification value  = weight of pellets
2) weight of pellets  ×  3.33 =  weight of  pellets + weight of water
3) weight of water = 2) - 1)

 For instance from saponification charts 1 weight of canola oil needs 0.13 pellets of sodium hydroxide to saponify ( or we say the saponification value is 0.13 ) , then we can determine that the weight of water to which pellets will be added is 0.30 :

1)   1 weight of canola oil x 0.13 = 0.13 weight of sodium hydroxide ( NaOH ) pellets
2)   0.13 weight of NaOH pellets x 3.33 = 0.43 weight of NaOH pellets + water
3)   0.43 - 0.13 = 0.30 = weight of water.

We see that the ratio of canola oil to NaOH pellets is roughly 7.6 ( ie 1 / 0.13 ) and water to NaOH is roughly 2.3 ( ie 0.30 / 0.13 )

More water, more or less heat will produce different pastes.

If potassium hydroxide ( caustic potash, KOH )  is used, the saponification value of canola oil is 0.18 instead of 0.13

If you want this soap to produce lots of bubbles you will need to mix it  in water and more glycerin : here is the formula.







Hoya, Hoya seeds, Orchid seeds, Ferns, Fern spores and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com
Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

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Monday, April 8, 2013

Soap & fragrance making : a fun activity for the kids

Soap & fragrance making (  read here the know how in 3 steps ) is a fun activity enjoyed by kids, especially when it involves filling in molds.

But saponification still goes on after oil ( the acid part ) and sodium hydroxide ( a strong base ) have been mixed and heated in a pot. The mixture  has to dry several days to be safe.  It dries faster thin and flat on large plates. Then it can be hydrated with some water to form a paste that looks like on this picture. 
 
Hoya, Hoya seeds, Orchid seeds, Ferns, Fern spores and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com
Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

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Sunday, April 7, 2013

Hoya flowers : a fragrance for cosmetics ?

With Hoya flowers can I make fragrant soaps in the kitchen ?

Yes !! this is how with SHORT ANSWERS in  3 steps :

- the Soap :

[1] wearing gloves pour 1 weight of pellets of sodium hydroxide ( for dry soap ) or of potassium hydroxide  ( for more liquid soap ) into 2 to 3 weights of water - ( but never add water to these chemicals, the reverse is an explosive reaction )

[2] mix with 7 to 8 weights of an oil of your choice

A food coloring gave the pinkish touch 
[3] heat to 80 - 100 celsius ( or at lower temperature but then wait longer an get a milder soap ) and stir until you get a paste. Avoid breathing the fumes, they are toxic. If some liquid remains ( skin damaging ) add more oil, which in excess can only increase the quality of the soap. You can add your own fragrant compositions in the mix, preferably when it is colder to prevent evaporation. Cooled soap can be re - hydrated to receive frgrances and re - dried.

For precise proportions, on the internet look for saponification charts that give the corresponding quantities of sodium hydroxide and oils. But, as said above, if some liquid is remaining just add more oil and carry on the saponification.

Such homemade soaps retain their glycerin content, which is very useful for all skins, ( glycerin is a main ingredient in cosmetics ) and free of toxic ( or numerous ) chemicals they are safe for the children. More glycerin can be added, ( sold in shops as a soap making ingredient ) to soften the soap.

Some soap makers add glycerin up to 10%, to the total soap, .  For a bubble bath much more glycerin in water will be added : here is the precise ratio.


Heat and added glycerin produce a viscous paste

 

The saponification process is slow, even if accelerated by heat : three days to several weeks may be needed for the soap to be safe . If used too early , even dry the soaps will burn the skin.











    Children love making foam that is big, thick and makes bubbles that last. A good foaming agent derived from coconut is coconut diethanolamide. But all the glycerin ( from the homemade saponification of sodium hydroxide and oil , and that added to the paste ) will generate a lot of foam when in contact with water ! ( pure glycerin can harm the skin by taking its moisture, so a dilution in water is needed )

In the picture below some paste from the stainless utensil was mixed in the orange bucket containing water and glycerine : the result is a lot of long lasting foam !



- the Hoya flowers for the distillate : carnosa and in general white flowers of the Hoya genus have more scent. You want to make a steam distillation of the flowers : the result is an hydrosol with a rich fragrance, suitable for the making of cosmetics. Your hydrosol ( distillate ) , more complex than essential oils will contain water-soluble components of the Hoya flowers that may not be present in the essential oil;  also essential oils are not as safe to use.
[1] inside a pressure cooker put on an elevated perforated plate above the water level at least 100 gr of fresh flowers if you aimed a production of 100 gr of hydrosol . About 160 fresh , hydrated flowers of Hoya lacunosa would be needed for this quantity of hydrosol : more on the weights of fresh hoya flowers that are fragrant

[2] fix a copper coil of 3 meters long and 1 cm large on the opening of the pressure cooker

[3] lay the coil in a container of iced water, with the end outside of this container. From this end the hydrosol will flow out.

The distillate is produced by the condensation in the coil.
Read more with pictures on :

http://blog.cherylsdelights.com/2012/05/pressure-cooker-essential-oil-distiller/






Hoya, Hoya seeds, Orchid seeds, Ferns, Fern spores and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com
Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

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Sunday, February 3, 2013

Hoya thomsonii : short leaves, long leaves and spotted leaves

Hoya thomsonii : ( first picture from the top ), has short leaves, they are hairy and do not have spots or speckles.
Hoya thomsonii long leaves ( second picture ) : the leaves of some plants may have tiny speckles.
Hoya thomsonii " Spots " : ( third picture ) speckles and large spots are spread on the leaves. In February 2013 Aleyagarden has renamed it : Hoya thomsonii Silver Splash.


Hoya thomsonii







 
Hoya thomsonii long leaves

 


Hoya thomsonii " Spots" renamed in Feb 2013 "Silver Splash "








Hoya, Hoya seeds, Orchid seeds, Ferns, Fern spores and other plant collections are for sale on aleyagarden.com
Plant care is available in various posts of this blog. Contact : aleyagarden@hotmail.com

Find all Aleyagarden posts on http://aleyagarden-blog.blogspot.com